Treatment of disease Prevention

(A) treatment
1. Drug therapy has not yet found that can cure HIV infection in specific treatments. Aimed at HIV infection, replication, combined with T helper cells and cause their death in all aspects of the different mechanisms to carry out treatment and prevention. Major drug are:
(1) zidovudine (AZT) can reduce plasma HIV-1 of the p24 antigen, so that transient increases in CD4 cells, and prolong survival in patients with early applications can reduce the incidence of dementia. Applications indications are: HIV / AIDS patients with CD4 <500 × 109 / L, the dose is 300 ~ 600mg / d. The main adverse reactions of leukocytes and neutrophils were reduced, such as anemia and myositis.
(2), dideoxy Inosine (ddI) can reduce HIV-1 of the p24 antigen, increase CD4 cell counts, may be a lasting increase in white blood cells and neutrophils. Applications indications as follows: Alignment AZT (AZT) can not be tolerated or treated sicker persons, occurred more zidovudine-resistant (AZT) low dose of 250mg, 2 times / d. Adverse reactions were pancreatitis and peripheral neuritis, which is reversible after discontinuation.
(3) to didanosine (ddC) activity and zidovudine (AZT) and dual-deoxy-inosine (ddI) is similar but the effects are compared with zidovudine (AZT) is poor, use indications for alignment ari set (AZT) and ddI-resistant patients can be, and zidovudine (AZT) combined with a dose of 0.75mg, 2 ~ 3 times / d. Adverse events were peripheral neuritis, and dose-related, reversible after discontinuation. Of these drugs alone will easily lead to drug resistance, in combination can reduce the dosage, adverse reactions also reduced, and a synergistic antiviral effect. Now tend to zidovudine (AZT) plus dual-deoxy-inosine (ddI), or ddC treatment.
(4) zidovudine, this drug is a thymidine similar drugs, long-term low-dose treatment can reduce the complications of infection and the nervous system, increasing the number of CD4 T lymphocytes, reducing blood HIV-1 antigen增加.
HIV is a chronic infection process, the virus may appear more obvious variations, so prone to single-drug treatment of drug resistance and the need for large doses. In 1996 some foreign scholars have pointed out AIDS cocktail therapy, most of the treatment of AIDS drugs in combination can greatly enhance the effect.
2. Surgical treatment of brain surgery for AIDS is not the central nervous system damage is the main treatment. For the single non-extracranial metastasis of lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma and AIDS-related infections caused by pathogens granuloma or abscess feasible craniotomy surgery. Hydrocephalus caused by infections could also consider doing ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Application of stereotactic biopsy for definite diagnosis has important significance.
3. Radiation therapy and AIDS-related intracranial tumors are quite sensitive to the radiation, so radiation therapy is an important and effective means.
(B) the prognosis
AIDS prognosis of central nervous system damage is not optimistic. Despite the adoption of comprehensive treatment, but a clear majority of AIDS patients after diagnosis the survival period of no more than 2 months. Central nervous system infection alone seems better, a small number of combined toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients can survive for 1 year.
AIDS in the central nervous system damage caused by poor prognosis, despite a variety of comprehensive treatment, a clear diagnosis, the majority of the survival period of not more than 2 months. Just slightly better central nervous system infection. PML can survive for 5 months or so, toxoplasmosis is expected to survive a year or so.